Wood-carving machine



April 3o, 1929.

D. B. sALsTRoM WOOD CARVING MACHINE Filed May 25, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet l 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 .omoooooeooa D. B. SALSTROM woon CARVING MACHINE Filed May 25', 1924 April 30, 1929.

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\Pfl 30 1929 D. B. sALsTRoM 1,710,899

WOOD CARVING MACHINE Filed May 2s, 1924 6 Sheets-sheet 3 FLHN VIEW.

K 3 (E. Sez/www0, @MM @a April 30, 1929. D. B. sALs'rRoM WOOD GARVING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Shet 4 Filed May 23, 1924 April 30, 1929.

y D. B. sALsTRoM WOOD CARVING MACHINE Filed May 23, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 J7. CD. 5611/5170770, H7 M MM D. B. SALSTROM WOOD GARVING MACHINE April 3o, 1929.

Filed May 2s, 1924 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Apr. 30, 1929.

y i 1,710,89eA

UNITED 4STATES PATENT OFFICE;

Devin n. SALSTROM, oF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AssIGNORfTosAnsrnOM CAIWING MACHINE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, `A CORPORATION on ILLINOIS.

WOOD-CARVING MACHINE.

Application filed May 23,

The object. of this invention. generally eluted, ie io pt'mluce u. \voor;lcdivingl machine which inll satisfy inohigh degree the commercial iieqiiiiremenl'si nilendunt upon the f rapid pioduction of large numbers` of nc cuiule copies: of e given Specimen of Wood curving'.

The. invention hee pni'licuhu reference to the provision of a machine having :1` large number of cutters, and ythe :lim has been lo consliiiuc; and organize the manchino in such n. manner than'` all the pieces` produced shell be exact duplicates of each other und possess the necessary deliniteness oi outline und smoothness of surface.

It is of prime importance in the ort of machine calming that ell the sharp nng'lce, cocneie und linee of the pzuiei'n being copied simil be reproduced with idelity, and thzil the vei'ious Surfaces shall be so :onoolh that little oi: no hand Work ebnll be `required. lo puiy lie carvings in condition 'for uf-i Such iziielilfulnces in i'epioduc'lion and sinon ieee of euiizice aie unattainable unlees viluzilion o'l" the cutters be reduced lo the mininuun.

To reduce vibi'eflion of the rapidly revidvingr culleie, ii in essentiel there llie cutter iiiidles be mounled in bearings which :ire ne right es pinci'iceble, but` such beruing'e inevitably vbe- :o come hot, and, unleee` guarded again the lient will cziueee dieloilion oi the/perle of the machine, eo time none oi' the pieces being curved will: coirespoml pifccieehyr ywith the.

pziitei'n, and the piece@I beingl curved zu dii :o ici'ent pinces` in the machine will differ from one zuiolliei. This invention, therefore, nime lo meel he coniiicl'ingi' Torpiii'emenle` for The reduction oil' vibi'nlrion and the` eliminni'ion oi? dieloi'lion due io heating oil parte.

Sonic of l'he vibration lo be .guarded i iinelz originales in the moioi' oi' ino'l'oi's :md in ilu; bei? .by menne of which pow'.

ie iiniisimiuied from the .molino io l'he coller upindie. The invention has epcciul `iwii'ei'cnce i.; io ihe iiovieiou of nie-.ine4 wheieb vibration of the clu'iem liom euch causes ie ieduccifl lo ai miniinum.

Anohei' object if; lo provide .1 bell drive foi' e. plurality of cutteil spilnlles which shall life nein betnn'lielly equal emouni'e oi ei i of the enti i' spindles.

1924. serial N70. 715,263.

lA `furtherobject-Of :the inventionie to provide im improved Work-suppoiting table Wlioh Amay be moved beck .and forth with l `ease and which shall `loemOu-nted in euch u `Way that dust` and chips shall be` `elx'cludeizl from the table bearings..thus` preventing the introduction of ilnlccuracies in the work due `to displacement: off the table. C i H A further object` to provide nn improved construction of the headslocks and tallilstocke oi ai Wood-carvingmachine. l

Further objects und advzuueagee flowing from the invention will be pointed Outin connection with the ensuingr description kof the present embodiment of my invent-ion.I

In .the accompanying drawings, Figuie' l is n ifi-ont elevation of one formv of Wood? carving machine. `embodying the `features':oi y

my invention; Fig. 2 is a. leftdjuuid end elevation of the .mzifchine .Fig le. section on` IIme oi Fig. Fig. 4 fis aseotion on line of Fig'. `E2. Fig. 4a is msection on line fin-4a of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 iS n. .plein spindle. Fig. l0 iilusti'ntesn means for' ailiniugthe ,taulst'ock splndlce. Fig. 1l shows :i

menne foi'eeeluing `the Wonk between thel hezuleiockfand tnilstoekg centers.` Fig.` l2` is ai vertical Sectional View .showing the nummer in which fthe cutter-driving motore` are mounted. Fig. 13 illustrates the manner in which the Work lmiele mounted and the menne employed `to exclude dust and chips. Fig. Ll ie n sectional viewfoililhe menne nel` referred to. Fig. 314 is :i Section `online Lia-14 oi F ig. 14. Fig. 15 illustrates 'the means for locking ithe teblevindjusied position. i i v .v

- Whe inaehine comprises Ineens tosupport a pattern and a plurality of pieces of wood to be carved into similarity to the pattern, and means for supporting the cutters and their driving means.

)Vhile the drawings disclose the preferred construction, it will be understood that the improved work-supporting means herein disclosed may be used in connection with cuttersupporting and driving means quite different from that herein shown, and that the cutter'- supporting and driving means herein described may be used in connection with worksupporting means (littering in many respects trom that illustrated in the drawings.

Referring first to the work-supporting means: 1 is a traine or bed comprising, in this instance, two pairs ot' rails (Figs, Q, 13 and 15), said pairs of rails being sup ported in parallel relation :in any suitable way, as, ior example.` by means oit crosspieccs 2.1 and legs 3. The upper ends ot the legs 3 are secured in any suitable way to the rails 2. In order that the machine may be properly set upon an uneven floor, the lower ends of 'the legs 3 are slotted, as shown at 4 Vin Fig. 4, for attachmentto feet 5. Each pair of rails 2 supports a plurality of anti- Ltrietion rollers 6 Figs. 2 and 13). The shafts on which the rollers are mounted are held in place by set screws 6 (Fig. 13). The rollers are partially enclosed by recessed blocks 6b secured between the rails 2. l

The pattern and the work pieces are mounted upon a table 7 2 which comprises, in this instance, two parallel rails 8, the lower edges of which rest upon the rollers G. rl`he rails 8 are rigidly secured together by means including cross pieces 9 (Figs. 1 and 2).

Means provided to prevent the table trom being pulled. so tar forward as to be in danger o't tipping on the front rollers 6 and to prevent the table il'roni being pushed .so tar haelt as to be clear of the front rollers This moans comprises a stud 10 (Fig. 41W) carried by a bracket 11 (Fig. erdemfling upwardly' l,troni one of the rails 2, said stud lying in a groove 12 t'ormed in the eide ot the adjacent rail 8. It desired, a stud 10 may be provided at each side of the table 7.

ln order to lock the table in adjusted position. suitable. locking means is provided as7 tor example, two bolts 13 (Fig. 15) each attached to one. end of a rod 14 (Fig. 1), the other ends ot said rods being pivoted to a lever 15 1 and The lever 15 is pivotally supported upon the foremost cross piece 2'. Rigid with the lever 15 is a crank arm 16 Vto which is suspended a link 1T through which a long rod 18 is longitudinally slidable. The rod 18 Apasses loose y through a suspending element 19 carried by one ot the cross-pieces 211. The rod 1S e.'- tends into position where it may be conveniently depressed by the foot of the operator tor the purpose of moving the bolts 13 into inoperativeposition. The rod 1S is oi' suicient length so that the operator may slide it forward and back into convenient position for operation.

The bolts 13 are slidably mounted in guides 2O (Figs. 1 and 15) and, it desircih guides 21 may be provided in alinement with the guides 2O to receive the outer ends ot the bolts 13 when the latter are in operativo position. In the rails S are formed long;a tudinal series ot holes 22 to receive the bolts 13. A tension spring 23 (Fig. tends to turn the lever 15 in the direction to place the bolts 13 in registering holes 22. While holding the foot rod 18 depressed the operator slides the table 7 to the a pproxilnate position desired and then releases the rod, 1S, whereupon the spring 23 inserts the bolt 13 into two ot the holes 22, it there be holes in alinement with said bolts. It the table was not positioned so as to bring two ot the locking holes into register with the bolts 13, the operator pushes the table a little farther until the bolts spring into the holes. When the machine. is in operation the operator usually leans against the table, thus pressing the table. against the bolts l?) and holding the table steady; and in order that 1 wity shall cooperate in the attainmentot this result, the rails Q may be and preferably are very slightly inclined toward lthe rear.

t dust and chips were permitted to get between the rollers t5 and the rails S. the table 7 would not always occupy the saine plane, and inaccu at-ies would he introduced into the work. I there'tore provide means to eaclude dirt and chips itrom the points indicated. which means roinprises pairs ot wooden blocks mounted upon the legs 3 at opposite sides ot the rails 8 and overlying the rollers (i. The screws (3 (Fig. 15B) serve. to prevent the blocks trom shitting as the table is adjusted back and loi-ih. its .shown .in liig. 1li. the blocks Qi. are reces-.sed upon their under sides. Two coiled tension springsv E25 are connected to each pair oi blocks /Ll at opposite. sides4 oit the legs 3 and extend beneath the rail tl. Around each spring 25 is wrapped a piece o'li 'telt Q6 or the like in position to bear upon the lower edge ot the rail tl. lt. will be apparent trom Figs. 2 and 14 that the springs 23 serve lo presa tho blocks .211s against. the sides ot the rail ffl, to hold the blo-:lcs down upon the upper ends of the legs 3, to hold the telt 2G in wiping contact with the lower edges oit the rails The rollers t3 are thus protected vtrom dust and chips, and nothing can in between the rollers and the rails d to litt the table 7 out ot its proper plane ot movement.

The headstocis are mounted in a head or 'frame 30 (Fig. 7), wl'iich headis rigidly secured to and extends transversely ot the Il l) i wheel el?? secured tu each spindle i135.

mimosa rails The head 30 comprises two verti cul parallel rails 3l which are secured to- `ether in spaced parallel relation by means ot' spacers 32 (F ig. S)` and screws 3?). The top ot the head 30 is closed by means of'a removable cover 34;.

The construction ol" the headslecls is best illustrated in Figi. S. Esch lieadstock coiuprises u spiudleZ-lo which is rotatably mounted in bearings lll and 3T carriecfl by therails 3l. lo? a collar fixed to the spindle $35 and lil/'lug against the rear end ot the bearing il?. (,ontact ol' said collar with the bearing 37 arves to delirio the proper operative position ol the headstoeli. Because o t' their length the rails 31. ure usually somewhat warped. Consequently, in order that-the heai'lslm'ks shall all occupy7 the saine Vizirtieal' plane, the bearings havl u screw-thread eouuection with the rear rail 3l, und utter haring; been adjusted so that their rear ends :are all iu the suine vertical plane, the bearlgs arr scoured in such. position by uieaus oi" the lock nuts 39.

Upon the rear end ot' the spindlell') is mounted a reversible liead l0? the opposite ends of which are of different diameters. Th.. yiialler end 41 is provided with a suitable number oi? bits eli) (Figs. 8 and 9) to engage the ooi-li. The larger end A13 ot the head il() carries a suitable number of bits ell.

lue head 4:0 is reiiifmiblivr secured 'to the spindle 35 by means oit a clamping screw llllien pieces having' relatively small ends are to be carved, the heads l0 are secured to the spindles C55 `with the smaller end ill extending reurwari'lly, as show-n in the drawings Nhen the pieces to be carved have lai-ger ends, the end Llil oli the head l0 may be used. A center i-t3 rigidly7 secured to the rdle 35 axially tliereo'l".

uns is priwilled for simultaneously rolatini; all llic lieadstocles. The means herein shun tor this purpose romprifies u Worin The .overal worin wheels ffl? mesh with -nuirins 48 il'fcrubly cut in a slwfl ell) extending lone-'e iudiually oit und beteren the ruil lll. The lilliculli s incident to the provision of u large number oit perfectly alined bearings in u long l l such as the head or trame 3l) l i 'ed bjr providing` universally mijn e bearings el). as, shown in Fig'. ll. .lea'h l'iearing; 5l) in the` Atorni ol a sleeve fuurouialing und supporto.iun the shal't 4S), said sleeve being'VN in turn. supported by two di:nnetrically opposite cone-pointedscrews sealed in a ring;l 52. L53 are nuts for locking the screws il in adjusted position. The ringv o2 is adjustably supported by means of 'anietrieally opposite A il which are seated in the rails 31 and held in adjusted position by means oit' lock nuts The axis of the screws lis perpendicular to and intersects the axis of "are slidublc on the nl cone-pointed meshing( prrqwrl'y with Ithe wenn Wheels 473 The shalt elllinaybe l,turned in anyisuitable way, as, tor exampleby meanslof" a crank 56. .The 4worms `41:8 and'wormz wheels el? are preferably cut so as to permit as lit-` tle play as possible. To `take up any.relnaiu-f` ingr looseness betweenfthe gears .47# and-'418 and ai y loosen'ess of the spindles 35 in their bearings,` means is provided to clamp the spindles in the' bearings 37. As showfnnin` Fig. S, the llorvifard endolE the bearing B'lis radially` split, as at 5?-, and the outer 'surtaceY ofthe 'foruuiriil end of said bearing is made tapering; so that `the bearinguiuy be contracted `into.Clamping engagement with thespindle by means of` a` mit 5S turned on ille bearing: 37 und havingan internal tapered surface coactiugr with the conical surtace of the bearing 37. ,lvhenrevolving the shaft 49 to turn the work, `tlieycrank `5,6 is preterably turned in an invariable-dire@ 1 tion, or if the direction of rotation be changed, the Work is rotated a little beyond the desired point, and then rotated reversely to the proper positionn The tailstmrks' are `mounted. in rigid traine 6l) (Figsand 7) extending parallel with the head BOLaud mounted onthc rails:

`loo l S tor adjustment towanl and` away ,from the head 3() to accommodate Work' ot' various lengths.

together Y in y aced relation by meztnswof spacers (l2 (1* suitable means `may be" provided for adjus` tably securing the frame to thel vrails 8., In the"construction `herein shown the frame t3() comprises `two plates (il (Fig.l 7" which A The .traine 60 comprises twoverti-l` cel `parallel rails 6l which are rigidly secured: o

s 8.1 At opposite sides n oit each plate: 6l retwo plates which' are" arranged to be olaiuped against the ruiltl by iuezins of bolts 66;` e

` The l'ra-mes 30 and Gllai'e `comu(rl-eil)together by two tie-bars 67 (F ig.l 2),' one at cach end of the mach-liu; said tielbars'heing 'fastened to thetramc() andbeing` reloas ably clainpeiil to the framey 60 by means' includiiu;l two bolts G8. i i

1E zich tailstoekl compr' es a eenter'or spindle 70 having: a point 70 ,adapted to enter a recess providcdin the end of the Work; In, order that the long'lseries.y ofspindles `70 may `all occupy the samepla-ne, with each4 spindle perfeetly'alined with its companion( lieudstock spindle 35,.' eaclispindlel 70 is mounted in two universally adjustable bushingsl (Figs. `T IandIO). These vbushings are mounted in openings' 72 in thetallerli-1p',

l ico the openings 72 being suflieiently large so that the bushing may be adjusted up and dovvn and to the right and left. Theloushings 71 are supported in the openings 72 by means of tour cone-pointed screws 73, the inner ends of which engage the bushing at opposite sides of a vertical plane passing through the center oi the bushing and at opposite sides of a horizontal plane passing through the center of the bushing. It Will be apparent troni Fig. 10 that by loosening one or more sorews and tightening others, eaeh bushing 7l may be adjusted into alinenient with its companion bushing 7l and with the opposite headstoek spindle 35. After adjustment, each bushing 71 is secured in place by means ot' a nut 7 l (Fig. 7). Means is provided for holding the tail stoel: centers 7() in engagement with the Work. The means herein shown for this purpose comprises a plate 75 (Fig. 6) having openings in its ends through which two adjacent centers extend. The plate 75 is loosely secured to the centers 70 by means of pins 76, asshoivn in Fig. 7. Surrounding each spindle 70 is a helical expansive spring 77 interposed between the rear rail 6l and the plate 75. The springs 77 urge the plate in the direction to hold the tailstock centers in engagement .With the Work; but in order that the centers shall be unyieldingly held in engagement With the Work While the me line is running, I provide a screw 78 (Fig. ll) seated in a bushing 79 in the rear rail 6l and having upon its forward end a rounded shoulder 80 adapted to bear upon the walls ol an enlarged or eountersunk openingV Si in. the plate 7o. The orvard end of the screw 78 extends freely through the plate 75, as shown in Fig. 11.

To eliminate any looseness or play ot the tail stock spindles 70 in the bushings 7l `while the machine is in operation, I provide foreach oi said lsjnlndles a Clamping or locking screw 81W (I `ig.V a block Sl" being interposed between the spindle and the screw to preventmarring ot the spindle.

lhen the work is to be removed from the machine, the loeliing soreivs 8l are loosened and the screw 7 8 is barlied oil sullieieutly to.V allow the operator` to push the plateV 75 back by hand so as to Withdraw the point 70 from the work. A new piece having been placed between the headstock and the tails-tool: with the points 46 and 70 entering the recesses provided tl'ierelor in the Work` the operator strikes the end ot the tailstocl center 7 (l jln'ojecting rearwardly from the trame 60 with a hammer or mallet to drive the work up against the end tace of the head 40. The companion piece having been similarly mounted in the niaehinefthe screw 78 is tightened up to hold the Work lirmly in engagement with the `headstoeks The locking screws 8l:l are then tightened so as to prevent any .'ibrat-ion due to play ot the tail stock spindles in their bushings. It Will be apparent that the tail stoel; construction just described provifles convenient and expeditious means for planing the several pieces in engagement with the respective headstocks, and tor insuring that the forward ends ol the pieces sha-ll all lie in the same vertical plane. The top ot the tramo (i0 is covered by means oi a removable plate The cutters and 7) are car ried by vertical spindles 5G. These spindles are carried by a head S7 extending parallel with and above the series ot' headstocl-:s and tailstoelts. In order that the head 87 shall possess the necessary rigidity and lightness and be of such a nature that heat generated in the spindle bearings shall not cause di formation of the head, the latter is constructed oit four lengths oit steel tubing 88 n idly secured together in spaced parallel relation so as to torni a head ot sabstantially rectangular cross scctioin the tubes ilbrnlinlel the corners thereol". The tubes are seeureil together by means ot transverse cast-metal trames 89. There is one traine dll it'or each spindle 8G.` The trames Si) are preferably oli' ast alnininilni or ot sonia aluminum alloy. As shown in Fig. 75 the traine SS) is cored out to niale it lighter and to taifilitate radiation ot heat to the ate owlhere. The tub-es S8 are clsunped inopei,.. s in the corners of the frames S) by means ot clamping sereifs 90. It will be .seen that the four steel tubes 8S and the series olf transverse aluminum frames tlf) constitute a very l." it head which, notwithstanding its great length, is vtefy rigid, and that the small amount oitl metal in the head tarililales the rapid radiation ot heat to the almosphere and thus prevents distortion ot the head due to heat generated in the snindle hearings. A

Upon the forward sil-lc ot' cai-l1. traine are two forks 91 in which the :l alle bearings are mounted. Ilrel'erably these bearings are coinstructed as shown in Fi and 7"'. 92 is a ring mounted in the l'oilt lll upon tu'o unie-poinlwl dianietrirally opposite screws SlJ-l. rlhe ring 92 in tu 'n supports a. hearing Sl; upon two dialneirieally opposite cone-pointml '"1 axis [all l lv,

slrcws 05. i e ot' the screws Slo is` perjnadicular lo and intersects the axis et' the screws lbl, aa well as the axis oilE the f-:pindle tt? in the lfcaring Sil. Preferably both the upper and the lower hearings et' the spindle 3G are siniilarly supj'iorted. rlllhe lower hearing is pro- `vided with means 96 et any ordinary character for tightening up the hearing and thns practically eliminating vibration ot the spindle.

It lwill be seen that heat generated in a bearing 9st cannot be conducted tothe head loo lllf) lll) S7 except by passing through the screws 95, ring 92, screws 03 and fork 91. These parts obviously atlord a great deal of surface troni which u large portion ot' the heat will be radiated and thus ireyentcd from reaching the head 8l'. The screws 03 constitute relatively slender connections which eonneet the bearing` to the forli and hold the bearing' spaced away troni the fork.

The middle pair of lliearings -1 supportsy a dead spindle 80 (Fig. 1) to which is secured a.. tracer (not shown) adn-pted to be moved over the surface of the pattern. The latter is mounted in a headstock and a` teilstocl; like those liereinbefore described. The cutter-supporting head 87 is mounted in any suitable manner for movement up and down, troni side to side, and forwardly and rearwardly. The Ineens herein shown for this purpose comprises a shaft 100 entendingr pzn'allel with the heed 87 und supported inhangers 101 'from the ceiling. `Fixed to said shaft are three rearwardly extendingr arms 102 which are connected to the head 8T by means of members 103. 104 are weighted arms extending forwardly .from the shaft 100. ported by means oit' levers 105, the forward ends of which areconnnected to the` head by means oit cables G, and the rear arms ot which carry Weights 107. The levers 105 are supported 'trom therceiling.

The cables 106 are not directly connected to lthe cutter-currr ing head ST, buton the contrary, are attached to a long' steel tube 100LL (Fig. 1) extendingr between the frames d to which the members 103 are connected. The frames S01 are similar to the trames4 8S)- saye tor the omission ot' Jforks 9.1. Interposcd between the tube 106a and the frames S021 ere Sadi-iles 100h (Fig. 7) which are concurred to iit said tube and frames. The saddirs 100 are Anot attached to the tube and 'trames and are thus free to more slightly to rroiumodu ,e tlwmselves to the tube as 'the aile:- yields or springs under the Weight ol" It will be seen that the described he lived. manner of connecting' the cables tothe het d provides a wide or extended bciu'inp,r upon the hond and prevents the head from bendinn` under the stresses placed thereon by the robles 10G. l

ln order to mnintain the cutter-carryine heed ST in phrallelism with the shaft 100, I provide means including' a shaft 10S (Fig. supported upon the rear part oit the bed ot" the nnrchine parallel With the` shaft 100. Extending upwardly from the shaft 10S are three arms 109, only one of which ,shown in the drawings. Each of these arms is pivotally connected to the head 87 byineans et a. rigid radius Vmember 110 lWhile this member may be oit anysuitable construction, it is `herein shown as consist-y The head S7 further sup-` number of' cutters which may be` employed in a machme embodying the present inven-k tion. In the machineherein illustrated Vthe cutters are driven infgroupso three,.and two. such groups lare driven by an electric motor. Three electric motors, therefore, are provided, each beingt supported upon one of the members 110. y Thehousing of one oit the motors is shown at `115 in Figs. 2 and 5.

In order that the vibration of `theI motor shell not `be transmitted .to the cutters, the motor 1s mounted 1n themanner to be 110W descrlbed. 116,1s1a crescent-shaped frame ,in which the motor ismounted to swing up on a vertical Iams .upon ftyro dialnetrically opposite cone-pointed screws 117 12). Three pairs of grooved rolls 118 are mounted upon theh'ame 116, lonepairotrolls being in front of the motor, another pair behind the ljnotor, and thetbird or middle paiiwbe` ingpbelow the motor. The,first-mentioned two pairs are arranged `to rest upon the lower pair of tubes 11, While the middle pair mounted below said tubes.V Iuforder to dampen the Vibrations of the motor "and the drivingu belts` andto prevent the rollers 119. the rubber coileriugwlland. tluls arev prevented troni moving freely along the niem.

ber110.. 7 p( l. l l .p

Upon opposite gentils of the armature shaft 120 arcilanged pulleys 121; each ,receiving a `belt. 122 which runs int"engagemeutyvith pulleys 123 on the Acutter.spindles 86,. As shown in F ig. 5, the armature shaft 190 is oit such length es to support the pulleys- A121 i aporoximately directly `behind the middle pu ley 123 ot each groupl of'three pulleys. Reterriiiig to the` left portion 'of Fig'. 5 :after leaving the pulley llthe belt passes? an idler to be presently described, fthence Eto `the ring-hand spindle pulley, thence to ,the `left-hand spindle pulley, thenceto the Inid- 'i die pulley andy thence to the pulleylQl.;

In order that the portion of the beltpassing `troni moving freely upon said tubes, thelata ter are providelil with a softrubber cover i The rollers are partly embedded vin in front `of the nliddle pulley shall `nl uch the portion of the belt which is run ingin".

contact with said pulley` tjheflatter is mede of somewhat `smaller 'diameter than.,l the'` other two` spindle pulleys. ,Preferably .the 1 other belt 122 extends first to the left-hand spindle pulley, as shown in Fig. 5.

The belts 122 are maintained under proper tension by means including a coiled contractile spring 124 (Fig. 2) which is attached at one end to the frame 11G and at its other end to a strap 125 which passes around a guide roller 126 and is adjustably connected at 127 (Fig. 5) to the forward end of the member' 110.

Each of the idlers hereinbefore referred to comprises a shaft or spindle 128 supported in the head 87 at the proper degree of inclination by means of universally adjustable bearings which may be similar to those employed for the cutter spindles 86. On the spindle 12S is a langed pulley 129 past which the belt 122 runs, as shown in Fig. It will be seen that the idler 129 is located between the pushing7 side of the drive pulley 121 and the adjacent end pulley. As a consequence, the lessening of tension which is inevitable at the pushing side of the drive pulley is in the region between the drive pulley and the idler. By reason of the interposition of the idler, both end pulleys receive substantially the same amount of power.

When a belt 122 is to be replaced each of the two end spindles of the group of three is released from the upper fork 91 by unscreW- ing one of the screws 93 far enough to release the ring 92, whereupon the upper end of the spindle may be swung forward suiiiciently to permit of withdrawing the belt over the upper end of the spindle.

In operation the workman moves the tracer over the surfaces of the pattern to cause the cutters S5 to reproduce those surfaces upon the pieces secured in the headstocks and tailstoeks. Notwithstanding the length of the cutter-carrying head 87, its light weight and the manner in which it is mounted enable the worlnnan to move it back and forth, up and down and from side to side with comparative ease. lVhen desirable, the operator adjusts the table 'i' forward or back to bring portions of the Work into more convenient position with reference to the cutters, adjustment of the table being more particularly necessary when relatively long piecesare being carved.

By reason of the rigidity of the heads 3() and which support the work and of the head 87 that supports the cutters; the uniformity with which the pieces may be mounted in the headstoelis and tailstocks; the absence of play in the means for simultaneously rotating the work; the provision forabsorbing vibration of the motors and driving belts, and the absence of distortion due to heating of the spindle bearings, I am able to produce at one time a large number otcopies of a given pattern, the design being so faithfully reproduced and the surface being so free from pitting or roughness that little or no hand work is required to make the carvings ready for use.

.Although the invention is not limited to a wood-carving machine having any particular number of cutters, the diliieulties solved by the invention are greater in a ma chine having a large number of cutters, be cause of the great length of the lieiulstoelr, tailstocl and cutter-supporting heads.

It will be understood that various changes made be made 'without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as de'iined by the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a wood-carving machine, a bed, a roller mounted in said bed, a worlt table supported on said bed and comprising a rail resting on said roller, and means to ex clude dust and chips, said means comprising two blocks mounted on said bed above said roller and at opposite sides of said rail` two tension springs connecting said blocks at opposite sides of the roller and below said rail, and means on said springs to wipe the lower edge of the rail.

2. In a wood-carving machine, a bed, a roller mounted in said bed, a work table supported on said bed and comprising a rail resting on said roller, and means to exclude dust and chips, said means comprising two blocks mounted on said bed above said roller and at opposite sides of said rail, and two tension springs connecting said blocks at opposite sides of the roller and below said rail.

In a wood-carving machine, a bed, a roller mounted in said bed, a work table supported on said bed and comprising a rail resting on said roller` and means to ere clude dustand chips, said'means comprising two blocks mounted above said roller and al opposite sides oi said rail, and spring nii-ans connecting said blocks at opposite sides oi" the rolle and below said rail.L

d. In a wood-carving machine, a bud, a worlr table movable back and forth on lsaid bed, and means to loci; the table in aifliusted position, said means .:omprisii'ag tuo loci(- ing bolts, said table having at each side a series of holes to receive one of said bolts, a guide member on the bed at each side ot the table for guiding said bolts, and means for simultaneously operating said bolts.

5. In a wood-carving machine, a headstorl: comprising a pair of alincd bearings, a spindle mounted in the bearings, the rear bearing being adjustable forward and back, said spindle having a collar arranged to engage the rear end of the rear bearing, means on the rear bearing for clamping said spindle to prevent free rotation thereof, and meansA for turning the spindle.

El l) will 6. In a Woodcarving machine,` a head cinnpii.Q ng two rails rigidly secured tiigetlier in spaced parallel relation, a series of pairs of alined bearings in said iails, Va spindle iiioinitial in each pair of bearings, the rear hearings oi eaeli pair being adjustable 'loi'- iiard and back, said spindle having-a Veollar arranged to engage the i ar end of the last-inentioned bearing, means on the lastw mentioned bearing for` clamping said` spin ille to prevent :tree rotation thereof, a head on the rear end of said spindle, and means lor sininltaneonsly turning all the spindles.

7. .ln a wood-earving machine, a head, a` Series ot pairs ol' alined bearings in said head, a si 'ndle mounted in each pair olf `pearin iid spindle having aV collar arranged to engage the rear end of Athe rear hearing, ineane to-preifeut free rotation ol? the spindle, ahead on the rear end ot' Said epindle, and means for siinnltaneouely turning` all the spindles.

dln a wood-carving machine, a headstook comprising a series of hearings, said hearings being adjustable to diepoee the ,rear ende ol all the bearine` plane, a. head-stock spindle in. each bearing., means on eaeli lieaiil-Stocli spindle to engage the i' end of its bearing, and means for siiiniiltaneoinily tiirniiu1l all the epindlee.

l). ln a Woodrariui 'f niaeliine, a i'aine comprising two rails rigidly eeciired together in. parallel :spaced relation, two. tail Stock ipindles eiipportedin said rails, and nieane holding said epindles in engagement Willi ilie Werl( coinprieing a plate loosely Gonneeed to said spiinlles,` an expaneive spring eiii'ioiin ig each spindle and interi 1l lie twain f' d plate and one ot the ra and a W carried life the inwed to hear agai een said apindlee.

ln a wood-.earning machine7 a tail ,I l: traine. 'tivo tail steek eiliinilles siippo ted in saiid llame lor longitudinal univen one end oit each spindle being adapted to engage the work andthe other end pife jeciing from the traine for application thereto nl a. lianiuiei` to drive the apindle into ein 5.1. gement with the` Work, and means, for holding said epindlesin engagement with the Work comprising a plate loer-:ely ciniiiected to .effiiifl apindles1 an 'expansive spring surA rounding each spindle and bearing againet Plaid plate, and a serew carriefillija tlietraine and arranged to bear against said platefat a poini` between Said spindlee.

last mentioned i'iiiland i said plate at a point ll. ln a winni-carving machine, a tall` stoel?. traine, two tail-,steelt spindlee sup# polled, in fluid traine for longitudinal nie fe* nient, and nieane tor holding said epiiidleel in engagement wltlitlie woi'li coniprisinga plate loiiiisely connectedi'osaid spindles, an expansive spring surrounding eaeli `.epiiii'lle and bearing against eai'dplatenand a screwV in tlix Paine vertical carried by the head. and arranged to .bear against said plateV at a. point hetWeen s1 id spindles. l s

l2. In a Woodfeaiying inic-linie, aftai'lf stock traine, two tail-stockspindles Ssn]` ported in said traine for longitudinal nioii'e nient, and means for holding saidspindles` in engagement with the work comprising a plate loosely colinecteifl to said spindle'sl', spring means hearing against sind, plate` and means arranged.` tobear `i'iefidly againstusaid plate at a point `between Said spindles.

13. ln a.A vWood-.inirving machine, atziil Stork frame, a vtail stock spindle `sldaloly mounted in said" frame, one` end.A of said spindle lieiiigadapted to engage .the Work and tlieaother enduoi the. p ndleA projecting from said head vfor applica i on thereto ola liaininei to` drive the pindle lon-gitudinaily into engagement with the Work, 1' yielding nieansl'or holding the spindle in engagement with the Work, andmeans lorrigidly hold ing the spindleinfengagenient with tliework,

14. In a VWood-carvingp machine,`a` lie-ada' stock Spindle, a tail stocli;` traine? a .tall spindle slidably mounted in said frame7 one end of eaid lspindle beingadaptedto engage the work and the other fend 'of the tail stoel( spindle projecting fi'i'inigsaidf'fi'ame for Vap'- plication theretiiiotl aLlmInmer to ydrifie the tail stock Spindle longitudinally intoA engage;

nient lwith the 4Work and thus drive the Work into engagement witlitlielhcad stock spindle. and means for holding the tail stock spindle in engzigement with tlieworln. l -i 15.7111 a Wood-carving inachinefga ltail stock frame, a `tailistoek spindleLslidably` mounted in said l frame, one endof epiiidlefbeing ailaptedfto engage tliewo Vyi l ling means `for holding .the spindlein engagement With the Werk, and `means; Ifor rigidly holding the spindle` in yengageinent Witlitlie Work.

16. A niiiltiplospiudle Woocl-carvingmaf` `whine luwiiig.` in" eoinl'iination,-'an elongated* alley, Vay pulley` onf said nged in groups the middle spindle.yofaeachwgroiiln aiilidler `palleymounted onflifead, and heltffo i.

traiisinitting power `from :each .motor prille to one of said groups oiffspindlesdsaidfbelt extending from f.tl-ie ,niolor pulley to saiijl dleiytlienee.tot-lie pulley `*on one of the Vend Y spindles ofl the group', thence to the'` pulley onitlie` other end.I spindle? `thence to',tlie

iso

ias

pulley on the middle spindle, and thence to the motor pulley. y

17. A multiplesspindle wood-calving,1 machine having, in combinaiton, an elongated head supported for movement up and down, from side to side, and iforward and bach, a series ol c tter spindles mounted in said head, said spindlesbeing arranged in groups ot three, a motor for driving two such groups, said motor being mounted to move up and down, from side to side, and forward and back with the head, said motor having` a horizontal armature shaft provided upon each olI its ends with a pulley, a pulley on each said cutter spindle, said motor pull ys being' located approximately directly behind the middle spindle ot' each group, and a belt for transmitting power lirom` ech motor pulley to one ol said groups of spindles.

1S. A multiple-spindle wood-cam'ing` inachine having, in combination, an elongated head supported for movement up and down, trom side to side, and forward and back, a series oiI cutter spindles mounted in said head, said spindles being,l arranged in groups ot' three, a motor lor driving' two such groups, said motor being' mounted to move up and down, from side to side, and lorward and back with the head, s id motor having a horizontal armatu shaft provided upon each el its ends with. a pulley, and a belt for tr ismitting power 'from` each of said pulleys toene of said groups oit spindles.

` i9. A multiplespindle Wood-earving machine having, in combination, an elongated head, means for supporting said head ior movement up and down, `from side to side and froward and bach, said means includ ing a radiusK member connected to and extending rearwardly iromvsaid head, cutter spindles larrieiil by said head and arranged in groups ol" three, a motor movably supported on said radius member, the armature shaft ol' said motor being' horizontal and being provided at each oit its ends with a pulley, each pulley beinglocated approximately directly behind the middle spindle or' each group of spindles, a belt lor transmitting power from cach motor pulley to one oli said groups oiz splndles, and means tending to move said motor rearwardly on said radius member to tension said belts.

20. A multiple-spiindle wood-carving machine having, in combination, an elongated head, means for supporting said head for movement up and down, from side to side and forward and back, said means includingY a radius member connected to and extending.

rearwardly `from said head, cutter spindles carried by said head, a motor inovably supported on said radius member, the armature shaft of said motor beingr horizontal and being provided at each of its' ends with a pulley, a belt for transmitting power from each motor pulley to certain of said spindles, and means ienifling' to move said motor rearwardly on said radius member to tension said belts;

2l. A multiple-spindle woodcarvinfjr machine having', in combination, an elonaated head, means tor supporting; said head i'or movement up and down, from side to side and iorvvarlil and bach, said means including' a radius member connected. to and extending' rear 'ardly from said head, cutter spindles carried by said head, a motor supported on said radius member, the armature shaft of said motor being horizontal and beine' provided at each ot' its ends with a pulley, and a belt Ator transmitting power from each motor pulley to certain of said spindles.

22. In a woruhcarving machine, a cutterv'arving head consistingr of four metal tubes, a plurality oli rectangular metal frames havingr1 openings in their corners to receive said tubes, said tubes beingl rigidly secured in said iranes, a pair of forks on each ol said trames, a spindle bearing mounted in each oli said iforlrs :for adjustment forward and back and from side to side, and a cutter spindle mounted incach pair ol" bearings.

ln a wood-carving machine, a cuttercarrying head consisting of a plurality of longitudinal members, a plu ality oit transverse mel-al frames rigidly secured to said members, a pair of forks on each ot said frames, a spindle bearing mounted in each of said forks, and a cutter spindle mounted in each pair of bearings.

Q-fl. In a wood-carving machine, a light, rigid, heat-dissipatingr cutter-carrying head consisting oli tour steel tubes :terminfolr the longitudinal members oi the head, and a plurality ot rectangular ci stv-aluminum frames having' openings in their corners` to receive said tubes, said tubes being' ri gidly secmed in said frames.

ln a woodcarving machine, a headsteelt comprisiiug tivo :dined hearings, a` spindle niounted inthe bearings, said spinn die having; a collar arranged to engage the rear end of the. rear bearings, means to prevent free rotati 3 n of the spindle, a head on the rear end ot said spindle, and means for turning the spindle.

2G. ln a wood-carving' iiiaclii1i -',tu'o groups of cutter spindles each group containing three spindles, tivo drive pulleys each lo cated approximately directly behind the middle spindle of each group, a motor for driving both drive pulleys, and two idlers, one for each group of spindles, each idler being located between the pushing side of the corresponding;` drive pulley and one of the end spindles ot a group.

27. ln a wood-carving machine, an elongated cutter-carrying head, a series oi forks projecting from said head, spindle bearings lll() lill :itt-ached to und spaced from the forks, and

cutter spindles mounted in said bearings.

28. ln a Wood-carving machine, 1 group of cutter spindles, u single belt for driving said group of spindles, an upper and :L lower 'nearing for each spindle, mea-ns for attaching said bearings to the head, said attuehing,r means comprising means tor pivot-- ally supporting the lower bearing and bearing, whereby Whenthesupper bearing is detached the spindle may be tilted forward for the replacement of the drive belt,

and a drive pulley over which said belt runs.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto af l fixed my signature.

DAVID B. sALsTRoM.. 

